Our Reports
Automotive Reports Electronics & Semiconductor Telecom & IT Technology & IT Consumer Goods Healthcare Food & Beverages Chemical
Our Links
About Us Contact Us Press Release News Our Blogs

Int'l : +1(646) 600-5072 | query@kbvresearch.com

Europe Cloud Logistics Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By OS Type (Web-based and Native), By Enterprise Size (Large Enterprises and SMEs), By Type, By Industry Vertical, By Country and Growth Forecast, 2024 - 2031

Published Date : 04-Dec-2024

Pages: 152

Formats: PDF

The Europe Cloud Logistics Market would witness market growth of 13.2% CAGR during the forecast period (2024-2031).

The Germany market dominated the Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Country in 2023, and would continue to be a dominant market till 2031; thereby, achieving a market value of $3,328.4 million by 2031. The UK market is showcasing a CAGR of 12.2% during (2024 - 2031). Additionally, The France market is expected to witness a CAGR of 14.1% during (2024 - 2031).

Europe Cloud Logistics Market

Cloud logistics encompasses several key applications that help organizations optimize and manage their supply chain activities. One of the most important facets of logistics is transportation management. Cloud-based TMS solutions allow companies to plan, execute, and optimize the movement of goods.

Additionally, these systems help businesses reduce transportation costs, improve route efficiency, and ensure timely deliveries. The cloud-based model allows companies to scale their transportation needs as they grow, manage multiple carriers, and integrate real-time tracking systems, all from a centralized platform.

The rapid growth of Europe's transportation and storage sector indicates a pressing need for digital transformation. As the volume of goods transported and stored continues to rise, logistics companies are under increasing pressure to optimize their operations, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction. Cloud logistics solutions provide businesses with the tools to manage complex supply chains, automate processes, and gain real-time insights into their operations.

Free Valuable Insights: The Global Cloud Logistics Market will Hit USD 51.3 Billion by 2031, at a CAGR of 13.6%

Based on OS Type, the market is segmented into Web-based and Native. Based on Enterprise Size, the market is segmented into Large Enterprises and SMEs. Based on Type, the market is segmented into Public, Private, Hybrid and Multi. Based on Industry Vertical, the market is segmented into Retail, Healthcare, Food & Beverage, Consumer Electronics, Automotive, and Other Industry Vertical. Based on countries, the market is segmented into Germany, UK, France, Russia, Spain, Italy, and Rest of Europe.

List of Key Companies Profiled

  • Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
  • Softlink Global (Constellation Software, Inc.)
  • Blue Yonder Group, Inc. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
  • SAP SE
  • Advantech Co., Ltd.
  • Oracle Corporation
  • IBM Corporation
  • Siemens AG
  • Bristlecone (Mahindra Group)
  • Honeywell International, Inc.

Europe Cloud Logistics Market Report Segmentation

By OS Type

  • Web-based
  • Native

By Enterprise Size

  • Large Enterprises
  • SMEs

By Type

  • Public
  • Private
  • Hybrid
  • Multi

By Industry Vertical

  • Retail
  • Healthcare
  • Food & Beverage
  • Consumer Electronics
  • Automotive
  • Other Industry Vertical

By Country

  • Germany
  • UK
  • France
  • Russia
  • Spain
  • Italy
  • Rest of Europe
Chapter 1. Market Scope & Methodology
1.1 Market Definition
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Market Scope
1.4 Segmentation
1.4.1 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, by OS Type
1.4.2 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, by Enterprise Size
1.4.3 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, by Type
1.4.4 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, by Industry Vertical
1.4.5 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, by Country
1.5 Methodology for the research

Chapter 2. Market at a Glance
2.1 Key Highlights

Chapter 3. Market Overview
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Overview
3.1.1.1 Market Composition and Scenario
3.2 Key Factors Impacting the Market
3.2.1 Market Drivers
3.2.2 Market Restraints
3.2.3 Market Opportunities
3.2.4 Market Challenges

Chapter 4. Competition Analysis - Global
4.1 KBV Cardinal Matrix
4.2 Recent Industry Wide Strategic Developments
4.2.1 Partnerships, Collaborations and Agreements
4.2.2 Product Launches and Product Expansions
4.2.3 Acquisition and Mergers
4.3 Market Share Analysis, 2023
4.4 Top Winning Strategies
4.4.1 Key Leading Strategies: Percentage Distribution (2020-2024)
4.4.2 Key Strategic Move: (Partnerships, Collaborations & Agreements : 2023, Feb – 2024, Jul) Leading Players
4.5 Porter Five Forces Analysis

Chapter 5. Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
5.1 Europe Web-based Market by Country
5.2 Europe Native Market by Country

Chapter 6. Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
6.1 Europe Large Enterprises Market by Country
6.2 Europe SMEs Market by Country

Chapter 7. Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type
7.1 Europe Public Market by Country
7.2 Europe Private Market by Country
7.3 Europe Hybrid Market by Country
7.4 Europe Other Industry Vertical Market by Country

Chapter 8. Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
8.1 Europe Retail Market by Country
8.2 Europe Healthcare Market by Country
8.3 Europe Food & Beverage Market by Country
8.4 Europe Consumer Electronics Market by Country
8.5 Europe Automotive Market by Country
8.6 Europe Multi Market by Country

Chapter 9. Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Country
9.1 Germany Cloud Logistics Market
9.1.1 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.1.2 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.1.3 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.1.4 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.2 UK Cloud Logistics Market
9.2.1 UK Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.2.2 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.2.3 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.2.4 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.3 France Cloud Logistics Market
9.3.1 France Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.3.2 France Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.3.3 France Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.3.4 France Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.4 Russia Cloud Logistics Market
9.4.1 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.4.2 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.4.3 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.4.4 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.5 Spain Cloud Logistics Market
9.5.1 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.5.2 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.5.3 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.5.4 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.6 Italy Cloud Logistics Market
9.6.1 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.6.2 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.6.3 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.6.4 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical
9.7 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market
9.7.1 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type
9.7.2 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size
9.7.3 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type
9.7.4 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical

Chapter 10. Company Profiles
10.1 Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
10.1.1 Company overview
10.1.2 Financial Analysis
10.1.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.1.4 SWOT Analysis
10.2 Softlink Global (Constellation Software, Inc.)
10.2.1 Company Overview
10.2.2 Financial Analysis
10.2.3 Regional Analysis
10.2.4 Research & Development Expenses
10.2.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.2.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.2.5.2 Product Launches and Product Expansions:
10.2.6 SWOT Analysis
10.3 Blue Yonder Group, Inc. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
10.3.1 Company Overview
10.3.2 Financial Analysis
10.3.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.3.4 Research & Development Expenses
10.3.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.3.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.3.5.2 Product Launches and Product Expansions:
10.3.5.3 Acquisition and Mergers:
10.3.6 SWOT Analysis
10.4 SAP SE
10.4.1 Company Overview
10.4.2 Financial Analysis
10.4.3 Regional Analysis
10.4.4 Research & Development Expense
10.4.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.4.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.4.5.2 Product Launches and Product Expansions:
10.4.5.3 Acquisition and Mergers:
10.4.6 SWOT Analysis
10.5 Advantech Co., Ltd.
10.5.1 Company Overview
10.5.2 Financial Analysis
10.5.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.5.4 Research & Development Expense
10.5.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.5.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.5.6 SWOT Analysis
10.6 Oracle Corporation
10.6.1 Company Overview
10.6.2 Financial Analysis
10.6.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.6.4 Research & Development Expense
10.6.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.6.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.6.5.2 Product Launches and Product Expansions:
10.6.6 SWOT Analysis
10.7 IBM Corporation
10.7.1 Company Overview
10.7.2 Financial Analysis
10.7.3 Regional & Segmental Analysis
10.7.4 Research & Development Expenses
10.7.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.7.5.1 Partnerships, Collaborations, and Agreements:
10.7.6 SWOT Analysis
10.8 Siemens AG
10.8.1 Company Overview
10.8.2 Financial Analysis
10.8.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.8.4 Research & Development Expense
10.8.5 Recent strategies and developments:
10.8.5.1 Product Launches and Product Expansions:
10.8.6 SWOT Analysis
10.9 Bristlecone (Mahindra Group)
10.9.1 Company Overview
10.9.2 Financial Analysis
10.9.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.9.4 Research & Development Expense
10.9.5 SWOT Analysis
10.10. Honeywell International, Inc.
10.10.1 Company Overview
10.10.2 Financial Analysis
10.10.3 Segmental and Regional Analysis
10.10.4 Research & Development Expenses
10.10.5 SWOT Analysis
TABLE 1 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 2 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 3 Partnerships, Collaborations and Agreements– Cloud Logistics Market
TABLE 4 Product Launches And Product Expansions– Cloud Logistics Market
TABLE 5 Acquisition and Mergers– Cloud Logistics Market
TABLE 6 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 7 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 8 Europe Web-based Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 9 Europe Web-based Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 10 Europe Native Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 11 Europe Native Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 12 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 13 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 14 Europe Large Enterprises Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 15 Europe Large Enterprises Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 16 Europe SMEs Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 17 Europe SMEs Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 18 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 19 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 20 Europe Public Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 21 Europe Public Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 22 Europe Private Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 23 Europe Private Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 24 Europe Hybrid Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 25 Europe Hybrid Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 26 Europe Other Industry Vertical Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 27 Europe Other Industry Vertical Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 28 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 29 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 30 Europe Retail Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 31 Europe Retail Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 32 Europe Healthcare Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 33 Europe Healthcare Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 34 Europe Food & Beverage Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 35 Europe Food & Beverage Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 36 Europe Consumer Electronics Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 37 Europe Consumer Electronics Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 38 Europe Automotive Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 39 Europe Automotive Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 40 Europe Multi Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 41 Europe Multi Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 42 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Country, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 43 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Country, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 44 Germany Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 45 Germany Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 46 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 47 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 48 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 49 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 50 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 51 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 52 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 53 Germany Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 54 UK Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 55 UK Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 56 UK Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 57 UK Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 58 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 59 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 60 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 61 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 62 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 63 UK Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 64 France Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 65 France Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 66 France Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 67 France Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 68 France Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 69 France Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 70 France Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 71 France Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 72 France Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 73 France Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 74 Russia Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 75 Russia Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 76 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 77 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 78 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 79 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 80 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 81 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 82 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 83 Russia Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 84 Spain Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 85 Spain Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 86 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 87 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 88 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 89 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 90 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 91 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 92 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 93 Spain Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 94 Italy Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 95 Italy Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 96 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 97 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 98 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 99 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 100 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 101 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 102 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 103 Italy Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 104 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 105 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 106 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 107 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 108 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 109 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 110 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 111 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 112 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2023, USD Million
TABLE 113 Rest of Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2024 - 2031, USD Million
TABLE 114 Key Information – Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
TABLE 115 Key Information – Softlink Global
TABLE 116 Key Information – Blue Yonder Group, Inc.
TABLE 117 Key Information – SAP SE
TABLE 118 Key Information – Advantech Co., Ltd.
TABLE 119 Key Information – Oracle Corporation
TABLE 120 Key Information – IBM Corporation
TABLE 121 Key Information – Siemens AG
TABLE 122 Key Information – Bristlecone
TABLE 123 Key Information – Honeywell International, Inc.

List of Figures
FIG 1 Methodology for the research
FIG 2 Europe Cloud Logistics Market, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 3 Key Factors Impacting Cloud Logistics Market
FIG 4 KBV Cardinal Matrix
FIG 5 Market Share Analysis, 2023
FIG 6 Key Leading Strategies: Percentage Distribution (2020-2024)
FIG 7 Key Strategic Move: (Partnerships, Collaborations & Agreements : 2023, Feb – 2024, Jul) Leading Players
FIG 8 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis – Cloud Logistics Market
FIG 9 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by OS Type, 2023
FIG 10 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by OS Type, 2031
FIG 11 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by OS Type, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 12 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Enterprise Size, 2023
FIG 13 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Enterprise Size, 2031
FIG 14 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Enterprise Size, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 15 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Type, 2023
FIG 16 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Type, 2031
FIG 17 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Type, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 18 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Industry Vertical, 2023
FIG 19 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Industry Vertical, 2031
FIG 20 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Industry Vertical, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 21 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Country, 2023
FIG 22 Europe Cloud Logistics Market share by Country, 2031
FIG 23 Europe Cloud Logistics Market by Country, 2020 - 2031, USD Million
FIG 24 Swot analysis: cognizant technology solutions corporation
FIG 25 Recent strategies and developments: Softlink
FIG 26 SWOT analysis: Softlink Global
FIG 27 Recent strategies and developments: Blue Yonder Group, Inc.
FIG 28 SWOT Analysis: Blue Yonder Group, Inc.
FIG 29 Recent strategies and developments: SAP SE
FIG 30 SWOT Analysis: SAP SE
FIG 31 SWOT Analysis: Advantech Co., Ltd.
FIG 32 Recent strategies and developments: Oracle Corporation
FIG 33 SWOT Analysis: Oracle Corporation
FIG 34 SWOT Analysis: IBM Corporation
FIG 35 SWOT Analysis: Siemens AG
FIG 36 SWOT analysis: Bristlecone
FIG 37 Swot analysis: Honeywell international, inc.

Purchase Full Report of
Europe Cloud Logistics Market

Buy Now

Avail up to 60% discount on subscription plans on

SUBSCRIPTION MODEL